pretty

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Published: Feb 8, 2023 License: Apache-2.0 Imports: 12 Imported by: 0

Documentation

Overview

Package pretty pretty-prints Go structures.

This package uses reflection to examine a Go value and can print out in a nice, aligned fashion. It supports three modes (normal, compact, and extended) for advanced use.

See the Reflect and Print examples for what the output looks like.

Index

Examples

Constants

This section is empty.

Variables

View Source
var (
	// DefaultFormatter is the default set of overrides for stringification.
	DefaultFormatter = map[reflect.Type]interface{}{
		reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}):          fmt.Sprint,
		reflect.TypeOf(net.IP{}):             fmt.Sprint,
		reflect.TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem(): fmt.Sprint,
	}

	// CompareConfig is the default configuration used for Compare.
	CompareConfig = &Config{
		Diffable:          true,
		IncludeUnexported: true,
		Formatter:         DefaultFormatter,
	}

	// DefaultConfig is the default configuration used for all other top-level functions.
	DefaultConfig = &Config{
		Formatter: DefaultFormatter,
	}

	// CycleTracker is a convenience config for formatting and comparing recursive structures.
	CycleTracker = &Config{
		Diffable:    true,
		Formatter:   DefaultFormatter,
		TrackCycles: true,
	}
)

Default Config objects

Functions

func Compare

func Compare(a, b interface{}) string

Compare returns a string containing a line-by-line unified diff of the values in a and b, using the CompareConfig.

Each line in the output is prefixed with '+', '-', or ' ' to indicate which side it's from. Lines from the a side are marked with '-', lines from the b side are marked with '+' and lines that are the same on both sides are marked with ' '.

The comparison is based on the intentionally-untyped output of Print, and as such this comparison is pretty forviving. In particular, if the types of or types within in a and b are different but have the same representation, Compare will not indicate any differences between them.

Example (Debugging)
package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"bitbucket.org/mgroftisza/godebug/pretty"
)

func main() {
	type ShipManifest struct {
		Name     string
		Crew     map[string]string
		Androids int
		Stolen   bool
	}

	reported := &ShipManifest{
		Name: "Spaceship Heart of Gold",
		Crew: map[string]string{
			"Zaphod Beeblebrox": "Galactic President",
			"Trillian":          "Human",
			"Ford Prefect":      "A Hoopy Frood",
			"Arthur Dent":       "Along for the Ride",
		},
		Androids: 1,
		Stolen:   true,
	}

	expected := &ShipManifest{
		Name: "Spaceship Heart of Gold",
		Crew: map[string]string{
			"Trillian":      "Human",
			"Rowan Artosok": "Captain",
		},
		Androids: 1,
		Stolen:   false,
	}

	fmt.Println(pretty.Compare(reported, expected))
}
Output:

 {
  Name: "Spaceship Heart of Gold",
  Crew: {
-  Arthur Dent: "Along for the Ride",
-  Ford Prefect: "A Hoopy Frood",
+  Rowan Artosok: "Captain",
   Trillian: "Human",
-  Zaphod Beeblebrox: "Galactic President",
  },
  Androids: 1,
- Stolen: true,
+ Stolen: false,
 }
Example (Testing)
package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"bitbucket.org/mgroftisza/godebug/pretty"
)

var t = struct {
	Errorf func(string, ...interface{})
}{
	Errorf: func(format string, args ...interface{}) {
		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...) + "\n")
	},
}

func main() {
	// Code under test:

	type ShipManifest struct {
		Name     string
		Crew     map[string]string
		Androids int
		Stolen   bool
	}

	// AddCrew tries to add the given crewmember to the manifest.
	AddCrew := func(m *ShipManifest, name, title string) {
		if m.Crew == nil {
			m.Crew = make(map[string]string)
		}
		m.Crew[title] = name
	}

	// Test function:
	tests := []struct {
		desc        string
		before      *ShipManifest
		name, title string
		after       *ShipManifest
	}{
		{
			desc:   "add first",
			before: &ShipManifest{},
			name:   "Zaphod Beeblebrox",
			title:  "Galactic President",
			after: &ShipManifest{
				Crew: map[string]string{
					"Zaphod Beeblebrox": "Galactic President",
				},
			},
		},
		{
			desc: "add another",
			before: &ShipManifest{
				Crew: map[string]string{
					"Zaphod Beeblebrox": "Galactic President",
				},
			},
			name:  "Trillian",
			title: "Human",
			after: &ShipManifest{
				Crew: map[string]string{
					"Zaphod Beeblebrox": "Galactic President",
					"Trillian":          "Human",
				},
			},
		},
		{
			desc: "overwrite",
			before: &ShipManifest{
				Crew: map[string]string{
					"Zaphod Beeblebrox": "Galactic President",
				},
			},
			name:  "Zaphod Beeblebrox",
			title: "Just this guy, you know?",
			after: &ShipManifest{
				Crew: map[string]string{
					"Zaphod Beeblebrox": "Just this guy, you know?",
				},
			},
		},
	}

	for _, test := range tests {
		AddCrew(test.before, test.name, test.title)
		if diff := pretty.Compare(test.before, test.after); diff != "" {
			t.Errorf("%s: post-AddCrew diff: (-got +want)\n%s", test.desc, diff)
		}
	}

}
Output:

add first: post-AddCrew diff: (-got +want)
 {
  Name: "",
  Crew: {
-  Galactic President: "Zaphod Beeblebrox",
+  Zaphod Beeblebrox: "Galactic President",
  },
  Androids: 0,
  Stolen: false,
 }

add another: post-AddCrew diff: (-got +want)
 {
  Name: "",
  Crew: {
-  Human: "Trillian",
+  Trillian: "Human",
   Zaphod Beeblebrox: "Galactic President",
  },
  Androids: 0,
  Stolen: false,
 }

overwrite: post-AddCrew diff: (-got +want)
 {
  Name: "",
  Crew: {
-  Just this guy, you know?: "Zaphod Beeblebrox",
-  Zaphod Beeblebrox: "Galactic President",
+  Zaphod Beeblebrox: "Just this guy, you know?",
  },
  Androids: 0,
  Stolen: false,
 }
Example (WithCycles)
package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"bitbucket.org/mgroftisza/godebug/pretty"
)

type ListNode struct {
	Value int
	Next  *ListNode
}

func circular(nodes int) *ListNode {
	final := &ListNode{
		Value: nodes,
	}
	final.Next = final

	recent := final
	for i := nodes - 1; i > 0; i-- {
		n := &ListNode{
			Value: i,
			Next:  recent,
		}
		final.Next = n
		recent = n
	}
	return recent
}

func main() {
	got, want := circular(3), circular(3)

	// Make the got one broken
	got.Next.Next.Next = got.Next

	fmt.Printf("Diff: (-got +want)\n%s", pretty.CycleTracker.Compare(got, want))

}
Output:

Diff: (-got +want)
-{
+<#1> {
  Value: 1,
- Next: <#1> {
+ Next: {
   Value: 2,
   Next: {
    Value: 3,
    Next: <see #1>,
   },
  },
 }

func Fprint

func Fprint(w io.Writer, vals ...interface{}) (n int64, err error)

Fprint writes the representation of the given value to the writer according to the DefaultConfig.

func Print

func Print(vals ...interface{})

Print writes the DefaultConfig representation of the given values to standard output.

Example
package main

import (
	"bitbucket.org/mgroftisza/godebug/pretty"
)

func main() {
	type ShipManifest struct {
		Name     string
		Crew     map[string]string
		Androids int
		Stolen   bool
	}

	manifest := &ShipManifest{
		Name: "Spaceship Heart of Gold",
		Crew: map[string]string{
			"Zaphod Beeblebrox": "Galactic President",
			"Trillian":          "Human",
			"Ford Prefect":      "A Hoopy Frood",
			"Arthur Dent":       "Along for the Ride",
		},
		Androids: 1,
		Stolen:   true,
	}

	pretty.Print(manifest)

}
Output:

{Name:     "Spaceship Heart of Gold",
 Crew:     {Arthur Dent:       "Along for the Ride",
            Ford Prefect:      "A Hoopy Frood",
            Trillian:          "Human",
            Zaphod Beeblebrox: "Galactic President"},
 Androids: 1,
 Stolen:   true}
Example (WithCycles)
package main

import (
	"bitbucket.org/mgroftisza/godebug/pretty"
)

type ListNode struct {
	Value int
	Next  *ListNode
}

func circular(nodes int) *ListNode {
	final := &ListNode{
		Value: nodes,
	}
	final.Next = final

	recent := final
	for i := nodes - 1; i > 0; i-- {
		n := &ListNode{
			Value: i,
			Next:  recent,
		}
		final.Next = n
		recent = n
	}
	return recent
}

func main() {
	pretty.CycleTracker.Print(circular(3))

}
Output:

<#1> {
 Value: 1,
 Next: {
  Value: 2,
  Next: {
   Value: 3,
   Next: <see #1>,
  },
 },
}

func Sprint

func Sprint(vals ...interface{}) string

Sprint returns a string representation of the given value according to the DefaultConfig.

Types

type Config

type Config struct {
	// Verbosity options
	Compact  bool // One-line output. Overrides Diffable.
	Diffable bool // Adds extra newlines for more easily diffable output.

	// Field and value options
	IncludeUnexported   bool // Include unexported fields in output
	PrintStringers      bool // Call String on a fmt.Stringer
	PrintTextMarshalers bool // Call MarshalText on an encoding.TextMarshaler
	SkipZeroFields      bool // Skip struct fields that have a zero value.

	// Output transforms
	ShortList int // Maximum character length for short lists if nonzero.

	// Type-specific overrides
	//
	// Formatter maps a type to a function that will provide a one-line string
	// representation of the input value.  Conceptually:
	//   Formatter[reflect.TypeOf(v)](v) = "v as a string"
	//
	// Note that the first argument need not explicitly match the type, it must
	// merely be callable with it.
	//
	// When processing an input value, if its type exists as a key in Formatter:
	//   1) If the value is nil, no stringification is performed.
	//      This allows overriding of PrintStringers and PrintTextMarshalers.
	//   2) The value will be called with the input as its only argument.
	//      The function must return a string as its first return value.
	//
	// In addition to func literals, two common values for this will be:
	//   fmt.Sprint        (function) func Sprint(...interface{}) string
	//   Type.String         (method) func (Type) String() string
	//
	// Note that neither of these work if the String method is a pointer
	// method and the input will be provided as a value.  In that case,
	// use a function that calls .String on the formal value parameter.
	Formatter map[reflect.Type]interface{}

	// If TrackCycles is enabled, pretty will detect and track
	// self-referential structures. If a self-referential structure (aka a
	// "recursive" value) is detected, numbered placeholders will be emitted.
	//
	// Pointer tracking is disabled by default for performance reasons.
	TrackCycles bool
}

A Config represents optional configuration parameters for formatting.

Some options, notably ShortList, dramatically increase the overhead of pretty-printing a value.

Example (CustomFormatter)
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"reflect"

	"bitbucket.org/mgroftisza/godebug/pretty"
)

func main() {
	pretty.DefaultFormatter[reflect.TypeOf(&net.IPNet{})] = func(n *net.IPNet) string {
		return fmt.Sprintf("CIDR=%s", n)
	}
	pretty.Print(&net.IPNet{
		IP:   net.IPv4(192, 168, 1, 100),
		Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
	})

}
Output:

CIDR=192.168.1.100/24
Example (FmtFormatter)
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"reflect"

	"bitbucket.org/mgroftisza/godebug/pretty"
)

func main() {
	pretty.DefaultFormatter[reflect.TypeOf(&net.IPNet{})] = fmt.Sprint
	pretty.DefaultFormatter[reflect.TypeOf(net.HardwareAddr{})] = fmt.Sprint
	pretty.Print(&net.IPNet{
		IP:   net.IPv4(192, 168, 1, 100),
		Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
	})
	pretty.Print(net.HardwareAddr{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6})

}
Output:

192.168.1.100/24
01:02:03:04:05:06

func (*Config) Compare

func (cfg *Config) Compare(a, b interface{}) string

Compare returns a string containing a line-by-line unified diff of the values in got and want according to the cfg.

Each line in the output is prefixed with '+', '-', or ' ' to indicate which side it's from. Lines from the a side are marked with '-', lines from the b side are marked with '+' and lines that are the same on both sides are marked with ' '.

The comparison is based on the intentionally-untyped output of Print, and as such this comparison is pretty forviving. In particular, if the types of or types within in a and b are different but have the same representation, Compare will not indicate any differences between them.

func (*Config) Fprint

func (cfg *Config) Fprint(w io.Writer, vals ...interface{}) (n int64, err error)

Fprint writes the representation of the given value to the writer according to the cfg.

func (*Config) Print

func (cfg *Config) Print(vals ...interface{})

Print writes the configured presentation of the given values to standard output.

func (*Config) Sprint

func (cfg *Config) Sprint(vals ...interface{}) string

Sprint returns a string representation of the given value according to cfg.

Example
package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"bitbucket.org/mgroftisza/godebug/pretty"
)

func main() {
	type Pair [2]int
	type Map struct {
		Name      string
		Players   map[string]Pair
		Obstacles map[Pair]string
	}

	m := Map{
		Name: "Rock Creek",
		Players: map[string]Pair{
			"player1": {1, 3},
			"player2": {0, -1},
		},
		Obstacles: map[Pair]string{
			Pair{0, 0}: "rock",
			Pair{2, 1}: "pond",
			Pair{1, 1}: "stream",
			Pair{0, 1}: "stream",
		},
	}

	// Specific output formats
	compact := &pretty.Config{
		Compact: true,
	}
	diffable := &pretty.Config{
		Diffable: true,
	}

	// Print out a summary
	fmt.Printf("Players: %s\n", compact.Sprint(m.Players))

	// Print diffable output
	fmt.Printf("Map State:\n%s", diffable.Sprint(m))

}
Output:

Players: {player1:[1,3],player2:[0,-1]}
Map State:
{
 Name: "Rock Creek",
 Players: {
  player1: [
   1,
   3,
  ],
  player2: [
   0,
   -1,
  ],
 },
 Obstacles: {
  [0,0]: "rock",
  [0,1]: "stream",
  [1,1]: "stream",
  [2,1]: "pond",
 },
}

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